Types of Patio Arbor

The definition of the term "arbor" is vague, and many gardeners and outdoor builders mistakenly use the word to describe pergolas, gazebos and other outdoor structures. Each outdoor structure, including arbors, has distinct characteristics. If you learn about arbors and related outdoor structures, you can communicate more effectively with landscape architects and builders or use your knowledge to design a unique outdoor building.

An arbor is any semi-enclosed area that provides a resting place in a wooded area. This definition's vagueness illustrates why there's so much confusion surrounding the arbor's true form. Despite its vagueness, the definition is accurate and represents the characteristic diversity of the structure referred to as an arbor. However, most builders will incorporate two design features into a structure that they call an arbor: latticework and an arch. Furthermore, the height of an arbor commonly allows a human to pass beneath. The width of the arbor's opening and the depth of the arbor varies; arbors may be a few feet to several feet wide and only deep enough for placement of a bench beneath the arch or so deep as to create a long, tunnel-like passageway. An arbor's latticework typically runs horizontally between the arch's posts and beams and plays host to climbing vines or vegetation. What many outdoor builders might call a "garden arch" might also be called a "patio arbor."

It's easy to confuse a pergola with an arbor because, aside from the roof forms, the pergola and arbor are essentially the same thing. Rather than an arched roof covering, a pergola has a flat roof covering. Like an arbor, the pergola's sides and top are typically covered with latticework and host trained vines or other vegetation. Builders often decorate the ends of a pergola's structural beams and cross-members with ornate cuts. Pergolas may consist of two posts to form a flat-topped archway, three posts to create a triangular patio area or four or more posts to form a square patio or covered passageway.

Of all the outdoor structures commonly confused with arbors, the gazebo is the most distinct. The gazebo generally looks like an open-air, octagonal room with a solid roof covering. Although the shape of the gazebo's room occasionally strays from octagonal, all true gazebos have a solid roof covering, such as shingles or metal roof panels.

The defining characteristic of what most builders refer to as a patio cover is its proximity to a larger structure. A patio cover's joists directly connect to the wall or eaves of another building. Like other outdoor structures, the patio cover's structural framing consists of posts and beams. The roof covering of a patio cover may be open-air latticework or a solid, weatherproof covering, such as shingles.

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